Australia-Oceania :: French Polynesia (overseas lands of France)

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## Introduction ::French Polynesia

Background:
The French annexed various Polynesian island groups during the 19th century. In September 1995, France stirred up widespread protests by resuming nuclear testing on the Mururoa atoll after a three-year moratorium. The tests were halted in January 1996. In recent years, French Polynesia's autonomy has been considerably expanded.

## Geography ::French Polynesia

Location:
Oceania, five archipelagoes (Archipel Des Tuamotu, Iles Gambier, Iles Marquises, Iles Tubuai, Society Islands) in the South Pacific Ocean about half way between South America and Australia
Geographic coordinates:
15 00 S, 140 00 W
Map references:
Oceania
Area:
total: 4,167 sq km (118 islands and atolls) country comparison to the world: 175 land: 3,827 sq km water: 340 sq km
Area - comparative:
slightly less than one-third the size of Connecticut
Land boundaries:
0 km
Coastline:
2,525 km
Maritime claims:
territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Climate:
tropical, but moderate
Terrain:
mixture of rugged high islands and low islands with reefs
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Orohena 2,241 m
Natural resources:
timber, fish, cobalt, hydropower
Land use:
arable land: 0.68% permanent crops: 6.28% other: 93.03% (2011)
Irrigated land:
10 sq km (2003)
Natural hazards:
occasional cyclonic storms in January
Environment - current issues:
NA
Geography - note:
includes five archipelagoes (four volcanic, one coral); Makatea in French Polynesia is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati and Nauru

## People and Society ::French Polynesia

Nationality:
noun: French Polynesian(s) adjective: French Polynesian
Ethnic groups:
Polynesian 78%, Chinese 12%, local French 6%, metropolitan French 4%
Languages:
French (official) 61.1%, Polynesian (official) 31.4%, Asian languages 1.2%, other 0.3%, unspecified 6% (2002 census)
Religions:
Protestant 54%, Roman Catholic 30%, other 10%, no religion 6%
Population:
277,293 (July 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 181
Age structure:
0-14 years: 24.1% (male 34,376/female 32,457) 15-24 years: 17.1% (male 24,553/female 22,953) 25-54 years: 43.6% (male 62,080/female 58,903) 55-64 years: 8.2% (male 11,771/female 11,081) 65 years and over: 6.9% (male 9,299/female 9,820) (2013 est.) population pyramid:
Median age:
total: 30.2 years male: 30.1 years female: 30.3 years (2013 est.)
Population growth rate:
1% (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 115
Birth rate:
15.7 births/1,000 population (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 127
Death rate:
4.85 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 191
Net migration rate:
-0.91 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 146
Urbanization:
urban population: 51% of total population (2010) rate of urbanization: 1.3% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Major urban areas - population:
PAPEETE (capital) 133,000 (2009)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.95 male(s)/female total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2013 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
total: 4.83 deaths/1,000 live births country comparison to the world: 181 male: 5.36 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.26 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 76.59 years country comparison to the world: 75 male: 74.37 years female: 78.93 years (2013 est.)
Total fertility rate:
1.97 children born/woman (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 133
Drinking water source:
improved: urban: 100% of population rural: 100% of population total: 100% of population (2010 est.)
Sanitation facility access:
improved: urban: 99% of population rural: 97% of population total: 98% of population unimproved: urban: 1% of population rural: 3% of population total: 2% of population (2010 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
NA
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
NA
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
NA
Education expenditures:
NA
Literacy:
definition: age 14 and over can read and write total population: 98% male: 98% female: 98% (1977 est.)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
total: 33.2% country comparison to the world: 18 male: 29.3% female: 39.1% (2002)

## Government ::French Polynesia

Country name:
conventional long form: Overseas Lands of French Polynesia conventional short form: French Polynesia local long form: Pays d'outre-mer de la Polynesie Francaise local short form: Polynesie Francaise former: French Colony of Oceania
Dependency status:
overseas lands of France; overseas territory of France from 1946-2003; overseas collectivity of France since 2003, though it is often referred to as an overseas country due to its degree of autonomy
Government type:
parliamentary representative democratic French overseas collectivity
Capital:
name: Papeete (located on Tahiti) geographic coordinates: 17 32 S, 149 34 W time difference: UTC-10 (5 hours behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Administrative divisions:
none (overseas lands of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are five second order administrative units named Iles Australes, Iles du Vent, Iles Marquises, Iles Sous le Vent, Iles Tuamotu et Gambier
Independence:
none (overseas lands of France)
National holiday:
Fete de la Federation, 14 July (1789); note - the local holiday is Internal Autonomy Day, 29 June (1880)
Constitution:
4 October 1958 (French Constitution)
Legal system:
the laws of France, where applicable, apply
Suffrage:
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state: President Francois HOLLANDE (since 15 May 2012), represented by High Commissioner of the Republic Jean-Pierre LAFLAQUIERE (since 3 September 2012); note - was named by the French Council of Ministers to the post on 1 April 2012 head of government: President of French Polynesia Gaston FLOSS (since 17 May 2013); President of the Assembly of French Polynesia Jacqui DROLLET (since 14 April 2011) cabinet: Council of Ministers; president submits a list of members of the Assembly for approval by them to serve as ministers (For more information visit the World Leaders website ) elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the French Polynesia government and the president of the Assembly of French Polynesia elected by the members of the assembly for five-year terms (no term limits)
Legislative branch:
unicameral Assembly of French Polynesia or Assemblee de la Polynesia francaise (57 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held on 21 April 2013 (first round) and 5 May 2013 (second round) (next to be held in 2018) election results: percent of vote by party - Popular Rally 45.1%, Union for Democracy alliance 29.3%, A Tia Porinetia 25.6%, other 15.8%; seats by party - Popular Rally 38, Union for Democracy alliance 11, A Tia Porinetia 8 note: two seats were elected to the French Senate on 21 September 2008 (next to be held in September 2014); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 1, independent 1; three seats were elected to the French National Assembly on 17 June 2012 (next to be held by June 2017); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 3
Judicial branch:
highest court(s): Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel (composition NA) note - appeals beyond the French Polynesia Court of Appeal are heard by the Court of Cassation (in Paris) judge selection and term of office: NA subordinate courts: Court of the First Instance or Tribunal de Premiere Instance; Court of Administrative Law or Tribunal Administratif
Political parties and leaders:
A Tia Porinetia Alliance for a New Democracy or ADN (includes the parties The New Star and This Country is Yours) New Fatherland Party (Ai'a Api) Our Home alliance People's Servant Party (Tavini Huiraatira) Popular Rally (Tahoeraa Huiraatira) Union for Democracy alliance or UPD
Political pressure groups and leaders:
NA
International organization participation:
ITUC (NGOs), PIF (associate member), SPC, UPU
Diplomatic representation in the US:
none (overseas lands of France)
Diplomatic representation from the US:
none (overseas lands of France)
Flag description:
two red horizontal bands encase a wide white band in a 1:2:1 ratio; centered on the white band is a disk with a blue and white wave pattern depicting the sea on the lower half and a gold and white ray pattern depicting the sun on the upper half; a Polynesian canoe rides on the wave pattern; the canoe has a crew of five represented by five stars that symbolize the five island groups; red and white are traditional Polynesian colors note: similar to the red-white-red flag of Tahiti, the largest of the islands in French Polynesia, which has no emblem in the white band; the flag of France is used for official occasions
National symbol(s):
outrigger canoe
National anthem:
name: "Ia Ora 'O Tahiti Nui" (Long Live Tahiti Nui) lyrics/music: Maeva BOUGES, Irmine TEHEI, Angele TEROROTUA, Johanna NOUVEAU, Patrick AMARU, Louis MAMATUI and Jean-Pierre CELESTIN note: adopted 1993; serves as a local anthem; as a territory of France, "La Marseillaise" is official (see France)
Government - note:
under certain acts of France, French Polynesia has acquired autonomy in all areas except those relating to police and justice, monetary policy, tertiary education, immigration, and defense and foreign affairs; the duties of its president are fashioned after those of the French prime minister

## Economy ::French Polynesia

Economy - overview:
Since 1962, when France stationed military personnel in the region, French Polynesia has changed from a subsistence agricultural economy to one in which a high proportion of the work force is either employed by the military or supports the tourist industry. With the halt of French nuclear testing in 1996, the military contribution to the economy fell sharply. Tourism accounts for about one-fourth of GDP and is a primary source of hard currency earnings. Other sources of income are handicrafts, public works projects, aquaculture, pearl farming and deep-sea commercial fishing. The small manufacturing sector primarily processes agricultural products. The territory benefits substantially from development agreements with France aimed principally at creating new businesses and strengthening social services.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
$5.65 billion (2006 est.) country comparison to the world: 167 $5.674 billion (2005 est.) $5.525 billion (2004 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate):
$5.65 billion (2006)
GDP - real growth rate:
-0.4% (2006) country comparison to the world: 189 2.7% (2005)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
$22,000 (2006 est.) country comparison to the world: 67 $18,000 (2004 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
agriculture: 3.1% industry: 20% services: 76.9% (2006)
Labor force:
116,000 (2007) country comparison to the world: 180
Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture: 13% industry: 19% services: 68% (2002)
Unemployment rate:
11.7% (2010) country comparison to the world: 123 11.7% (2005)
Population below poverty line:
19.7% (2009)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Budget:
revenues: $865 million expenditures: $644.1 million (1999)
Taxes and other revenues:
15.3% of GDP (1999) country comparison to the world: 191
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
3.9% of GDP (1999) country comparison to the world: 16
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
1.1% (2007) country comparison to the world: 15 1.1% (2006 est.)
Market value of publicly traded shares:
$NA
Agriculture - products:
coconuts, vanilla, vegetables, fruits, coffee; poultry, beef, dairy products; fish
Industries:
tourism, pearls, agricultural processing, handicrafts, phosphates
Industrial production growth rate:
NA%
Exports:
$200 million (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 184 $211 million (2005 est.)
Exports - commodities:
cultured pearls, coconut products, mother-of-pearl, vanilla, shark meat
Imports:
$2.2 billion (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 162 $1.706 billion (2005 est.)
Imports - commodities:
fuels, foodstuffs, machinery and equipment
Debt - external:
$NA
Exchange rates:
Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 90.01 (2010 est.) 87.59 (2007)
Fiscal year:
calendar year

## Energy ::French Polynesia

Electricity - production:
725 million kWh (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 155
Electricity - consumption:
674.3 million kWh (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 161
Electricity - exports:
0 kWh (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 197
Electricity - imports:
0 kWh (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 189
Electricity - installed generating capacity:
140,000 kW (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 161
Electricity - from fossil fuels:
66.4% of total installed capacity (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 118
Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 91
Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
33.6% of total installed capacity (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 65
Electricity - from other renewable sources:
0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 127
Crude oil - production:
0 bbl/day (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 137
Crude oil - exports:
0 bbl/day (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 114
Crude oil - imports:
0 bbl/day (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 186
Crude oil - proved reserves:
0 bbl (1 January 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 135
Refined petroleum products - production:
0 bbl/day (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 149
Refined petroleum products - consumption:
8,000 bbl/day (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 159
Refined petroleum products - exports:
0 bbl/day (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 179
Refined petroleum products - imports:
7,246 bbl/day (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 139
Natural gas - production:
0 cu m (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 132
Natural gas - consumption:
0 cu m (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 145
Natural gas - exports:
0 cu m (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 101
Natural gas - imports:
0 cu m (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 195
Natural gas - proved reserves:
0 cu m (1 January 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 139
Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
1.221 million Mt (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 163

## Communications ::French Polynesia

Telephones - main lines in use:
55,000 (2011) country comparison to the world: 162
Telephones - mobile cellular:
222,800 (2011) country comparison to the world: 177
Telephone system:
domestic: combined fixed and mobile-cellular density is roughly 100 per 100 persons international: country code - 689; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2011)
Broadcast media:
the publicly owned French Overseas Network (RFO), which operates in France's overseas departments and territories, broadcasts on 2 TV channels and 1 radio station; 1 government-owned TV station; a small number of privately owned radio stations (2008)
Internet country code:
.pf
Internet hosts:
37,949 (2012) country comparison to the world: 103
Internet users:
120,000 (2009) country comparison to the world: 153

## Transportation ::French Polynesia

Airports:
53 (2012) country comparison to the world: 86
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 46 over 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 34 under 914 m: 5 (2012)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
total: 7 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 4 (2012)
Heliports:
1 (2012)
Roadways:
total: 2,590 km country comparison to the world: 170 paved: 1,735 km unpaved: 855 km (1999)
Merchant marine:
registered in other countries: 12 (Cambodia 1, France 11) (2010) country comparison to the world: 105
Ports and terminals:
Papeete

## Military ::French Polynesia

Military branches:
no regular military forces (2011)
Manpower available for military service:
males age 16-49: 82,722 (2010 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:
males age 16-49: 67,363 females age 16-49: 66,053 (2010 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
male: 2,498 female: 2,390 (2010 est.)
Military - note:
defense is the responsibility of France

## Transnational Issues ::French Polynesia

Disputes - international:
none

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