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Africa :: Angola

- ## Introduction :: ANGOLA

- Background:
  Angola is still rebuilding its country since the end of a 27-year civil war in 2002. Fighting between the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), led by Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS, and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), led by Jonas SAVIMBI, followed independence from Portugal in 1975. Peace seemed imminent in 1992 when Angola held national elections, but fighting picked up again in 1993. Up to 1.5 million lives may have been lost - and 4 million people displaced - during the more than a quarter century of fighting. SAVIMBI's death in 2002 ended UNITA's insurgency and cemented the MPLA's hold on power. President DOS SANTOS pushed through a new constitution in 2010; elections held in 2012 saw him installed as president. Angola assumed a nonpermanent seat on the UN Security Council for the 2015-16 term.

- ## Geography :: ANGOLA

- Location:
  Southern Africa, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Namibia and Democratic Republic of the Congo
  Geographic coordinates:
  12 30 S, 18 30 E
  Map references:
  Africa
  Area:
  total: 1,246,700 sq km
  land: 1,246,700 sq km
  water: 0 sq km
  country comparison to the world: 23
  Area - comparative:
  slightly less than twice the size of Texas
  Land boundaries:
  total: 5,369 km
  border countries (4): Democratic Republic of the Congo 2,646 km (of which 225 km is the boundary of discontiguous Cabinda Province), Republic of the Congo 231 km, Namibia 1,427 km, Zambia 1,065 km
  Coastline:
  1,600 km
  Maritime claims:
  territorial sea: 12 nm
  contiguous zone: 24 nm
  exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
  Climate:
  semiarid in south and along coast to Luanda; north has cool, dry season (May to October) and hot, rainy season (November to April)
  Terrain:
  narrow coastal plain rises abruptly to vast interior plateau
  Elevation extremes:
  lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
  highest point: Moca 2,620 m
  Natural resources:
  petroleum, diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, copper, feldspar, gold, bauxite, uranium
  Land use:
  agricultural land: 47.3%
  arable land 3.8%; permanent crops 0.2%; permanent pasture 43.3%
  forest: 46.8%
  other: 5.9% (2011 est.)
  Irrigated land:
  855.3 sq km (2005)
  Total renewable water resources:
  148 cu km (2011)
  Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
  total: 0.71 cu km/yr (45%/34%/21%)
  per capita: 40.27 cu m/yr (2005)
  Natural hazards:
  locally heavy rainfall causes periodic flooding on the plateau
  Environment - current issues:
  overuse of pastures and subsequent soil erosion attributable to population pressures; desertification; deforestation of tropical rain forest, in response to both international demand for tropical timber and to domestic use as fuel, resulting in loss of biodiversity; soil erosion contributing to water pollution and siltation of rivers and dams; inadequate supplies of potable water
  Environment - international agreements:
  party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution
  signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
  Geography - note:
  the province of Cabinda is an exclave, separated from the rest of the country by the Democratic Republic of the Congo

- ## People and Society :: ANGOLA

- Nationality:
  noun: Angolan(s)
  adjective: Angolan
  Ethnic groups:
  Ovimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, Bakongo 13%, mestico (mixed European and native African) 2%, European 1%, other 22%
  Languages:
  Portuguese (official), Bantu and other African languages
  Religions:
  indigenous beliefs 47%, Roman Catholic 38%, Protestant 15% (1998 est.)
  Population:
  19,625,353
  note: preliminary results from Angola's 2014 national census estimate the country's population to be 24.3 million (July 2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 59
  Age structure:
  0-14 years: 42.95% (male 4,297,988/female 4,131,037)
  15-24 years: 20.65% (male 2,061,704/female 1,990,206)
  25-54 years: 29.46% (male 2,916,132/female 2,865,417)
  55-64 years: 3.98% (male 379,531/female 401,563)
  65 years and over: 2.96% (male 269,164/female 312,611) (2015 est.)
  population pyramid:
  Dependency ratios:
  total dependency ratio: 99.9%
  youth dependency ratio: 95.2%
  elderly dependency ratio: 4.6%
  potential support ratio: 21.6% (2015 est.)
  Median age:
  total: 18 years
  male: 17.8 years
  female: 18.2 years (2015 est.)
  Population growth rate:
  2.78% (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 16
  Birth rate:
  38.78 births/1,000 population (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 9
  Death rate:
  11.49 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 29
  Net migration rate:
  0.46 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 71
  Urbanization:
  urban population: 44% of total population (2015)
  rate of urbanization: 4.97% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
  Major urban areas - population:
  LUANDA (capital) 5.506 million; Huambo 1.269 million (2015)
  Sex ratio:
  at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
  0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
  15-24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
  25-54 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
  55-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female
  65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female
  total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2015 est.)
  Maternal mortality rate:
  477 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 25
  Infant mortality rate:
  total: 78.26 deaths/1,000 live births
  male: 81.96 deaths/1,000 live births
  female: 74.38 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 8
  Life expectancy at birth:
  total population: 55.63 years
  male: 54.49 years
  female: 56.84 years (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 207
  Total fertility rate:
  5.37 children born/woman (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 9
  Contraceptive prevalence rate:
  17.7% (2008/09)
  Health expenditures:
  3.8% of GDP (2013)
  country comparison to the world: 172
  Physicians density:
  0.17 physicians/1,000 population (2009)
  Hospital bed density:
  0.8 beds/1,000 population (2005)
  Drinking water source:
  improved:
  urban: 75.4% of population
  rural: 28.2% of population
  total: 49% of population
  unimproved:
  urban: 24.6% of population
  rural: 71.8% of population
  total: 51% of population (2015 est.)
  Sanitation facility access:
  improved:
  urban: 88.6% of population
  rural: 22.5% of population
  total: 51.6% of population
  unimproved:
  urban: 11.4% of population
  rural: 77.5% of population
  total: 48.4% of population (2015 est.)
  HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
  2.41% (2014 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 25
  HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
  304,400 (2014 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 21
  HIV/AIDS - deaths:
  11,770 (2014 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 20
  Major infectious diseases:
  degree of risk: very high
  food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, typhoid fever
  vectorborne diseases: dengue fever, malaria
  water contact disease: schistosomiasis
  animal contact disease: rabies (2013)
  Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
  8.5% (2014)
  country comparison to the world: 147
  Children under the age of 5 years underweight:
  15.6% (2007)
  country comparison to the world: 45
  Education expenditures:
  3.5% of GDP (2010)
  country comparison to the world: 127
  Literacy:
  definition: age 15 and over can read and write
  total population: 71.1%
  male: 82%
  female: 60.7% (2015 est.)
  School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
  total: 11 years
  male: 14 years
  female: 9 years (2011)
  Child labor - children ages 5-14:
  total number: 832,895
  percentage: 24% (2001 est.)

- ## Government :: ANGOLA

- Country name:
  conventional long form: Republic of Angola
  conventional short form: Angola
  local long form: Republica de Angola
  local short form: Angola
  former: People's Republic of Angola
  etymology: name derived by the Portuguese from the title "ngola" held by kings of the Ndongo (Ndongo was a kingdom in what is now northern Angola)
  Government type:
  republic; multiparty presidential regime
  Capital:
  name: Luanda
  geographic coordinates: 8 50 S, 13 13 E
  time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
  Administrative divisions:
  18 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Bengo, Benguela, Bie, Cabinda, Cunene, Huambo, Huila, Kwando Kubango, Kwanza Norte, Kwanza Sul, Luanda, Lunda Norte, Lunda Sul, Malanje, Moxico, Namibe, Uige, Zaire
  Independence:
  11 November 1975 (from Portugal)
  National holiday:
  Independence Day, 11 November (1975)
  Constitution:
  previous 1975, 1992; latest passed by National Assembly 21 January 2010, adopted 5 February 2010 (2015)
  Legal system:
  civil legal system based on Portuguese civil law; no judicial review of legislation
  International law organization participation:
  has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
  Citizenship:
  citizenship by birth: no
  citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Angola
  dual citizenship recognized: no
  residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years
  Suffrage:
  18 years of age; universal
  Executive branch:
  chief of state: President Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS (since 21 September 1979); Vice President Manuel Domingos VICENTE (since 26 September 2012); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
  head of government: President Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS (since 21 September 1979); Vice President Manuel Domingos VICENTE (since 26 September 2012)
  cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president
  elections/appointments: president indirectly elected by the National Assembly for a 5-year term (eligible for a second consecutive or discontinuous term); note - according to the 2010 constitution, ballots are cast for parties rather than candidates, and the leader of the winning party becomes president
  election results: NA; as leader of the MPLA, Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS elected president following legislative elections on 31 August 2012, inaugurated on 26 September 2012 to serve the first of a possible two terms under the 2010 constitution
  Legislative branch:
  description: unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (220 seats; members directly elected in a single national constituency and in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)
  elections: last held on 31 August 2012 (next to be held in 2017)
  election results: percent of vote by party - MPLA 71.8%, UNITA 18.7%, CASA-CE 6.0%, PRS 1.7%, FNLA 1.1%, other 0.7%; seats by party - MPLA 175, UNITA 32, CASA-CE 8, PRS 3, FNLA 2
  Judicial branch:
  highest court(s): Supreme Court or Tribunal da Relacao (consists of the chief justice and 16 judges; Constitutional Court or Tribunal Constitucional - legislative review (consists of 11 members)
  judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges appointed by the president upon recommendation of the Supreme Judicial Council, an 18-member body presided over by the president; judge tenure NA; Constitutional Court judges - 4 nominated by the president, 4 elected by National Assembly, 2 elected by Supreme National Council, 1 elected by competitive submission of curricula; judges serve single 7-year terms
  subordinate courts: provincial and municipal courts
  Political parties and leaders:
  Broad Convergence for the Salvation of Angola Electoral Coalition or CASA-CE [Abel CHIVUKUVUKU]
  National Front for the Liberation of Angola or FNLA [Lucas NGONDA]
  National Union for the Total Independence of Angola or UNITA [Isaias SAMAKUVA] (largest opposition party)
  Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola or MPLA [Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS] (ruling party in power since 1975)
  Social Renewal Party or PRS [Eduardo KUANGANA]
  Political pressure groups and leaders:
  Angolan Revolutionary Movement or ARM
  Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda or FLEC [N'zita Henriques TIAGO]
  note: FLEC's small-scale armed struggle for the independence of Cabinda Province persists despite the signing of a peace accord with the government in August 2006; several factions of FLEC have broken off over the past 30 years, including the FLEC-PM [Rodrigues MINGAS], which was responsible for a deadly attack on the Togolese soccer team in 2010
  International organization participation:
  ACP, AfDB, AU, CEMAC, CPLP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OPEC, SADC, UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
  Diplomatic representation in the US:
  chief of mission: Ambassador Agostinho Tavares da Silva NETO (since 18 November 2014)
  chancery: 2100-2108 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009
  telephone: [1] (202) 785-1156
  FAX: [1] (202) 822-9049
  consulate(s) general: Houston, New York
  Diplomatic representation from the US:
  chief of mission: Ambassador Helen Meagher LA LIME (15 May 2014)
  embassy: number 32 Rua Houari Boumedienne (in the Miramar area of Luanda), Luanda
  mailing address: international mail: Caixa Postal 6468, Luanda; pouch: US Embassy Luanda, US Department of State, 2550 Luanda Place, Washington, DC 20521-2550
  telephone: [244] 946440977
  FAX: [244] (222) 64-1000
  Flag description:
  two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and black with a centered yellow emblem consisting of a five-pointed star within half a cogwheel crossed by a machete (in the style of a hammer and sickle); red represents liberty, black the African continent, the symbols characterize workers and peasants
  National symbol(s):
  Palanca Negra Gigante (giant black sable antelope); national colors: red, black, yellow
  National anthem:
  name: "Angola Avante" (Forward Angola)
  lyrics/music: Manuel Rui Alves MONTEIRO/Rui Alberto Vieira Dias MINGAO
  note: adopted 1975

- ## Economy :: ANGOLA

- Economy - overview:
  Angola's economy is overwhelmingly driven by its oil sector. Oil production and its supporting activities contribute about 50% of GDP, more than 70% of government revenue, and more than 90% of the country's exports. Diamonds contribute an additional 5% to exports. Subsistence agriculture provides the main livelihood for most of the people, but half of the country's food is still imported. Increased oil production supported growth averaging more than 17% per year from 2004 to 2008. A postwar reconstruction boom and resettlement of displaced persons has led to high rates of growth in construction and agriculture as well. Some of the country's infrastructure is still damaged or undeveloped from the 27-year-long civil war. However, the government since 2005 has used billions of dollars in credit lines from China, Brazil, Portugal, Germany, Spain, and the EU to help rebuild Angola's public infrastructure. Land mines left from the war still mar the countryside, and as a result, the national military, international partners, and private Angolan firms all continue to remove them. The global recession that started in 2008 stalled economic growth. In particular, lower prices for oil and diamonds during the global recession slowed GDP growth to 2.4% in 2009, and many construction projects stopped because Luanda accrued $9 billion in arrears to foreign construction companies when government revenue fell in 2008 and 2009. Angola formally abandoned its currency peg in 2009, and in November 2009 signed onto an IMF Stand-By Arrangement loan of $1.4 billion to rebuild international reserves. Consumer inflation declined from 325% in 2000 to less than 9% in 2014. Falling oil prices and slower than expected growth in non-oil GDP have reduced growth prospects for 2015. Angola has responded by reducing government subsidies and by proposing import quotas and a more restrictive licensing regime. Corruption, especially in the extractive sectors, is a major long-term challenge.
  GDP (purchasing power parity):
  $177.3 billion (2014 est.)
  $169.2 billion (2013 est.)
  $158.4 billion (2012 est.)
  note: data are in 2014 US dollars
  country comparison to the world: 65
  GDP (official exchange rate):
  $129.3 billion (2014 est.)
  GDP - real growth rate:
  4.8% (2014 est.)
  6.8% (2013 est.)
  5.2% (2012 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 57
  GDP - per capita (PPP):
  $7,300 (2014 est.)
  $6,900 (2013 est.)
  $6,500 (2012 est.)
  note: data are in 2014 US dollars
  country comparison to the world: 152
  Gross national saving:
  13.5% of GDP (2014 est.)
  21.5% of GDP (2013 est.)
  26.9% of GDP (2012 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 131
  GDP - composition, by end use:
  household consumption: 50%
  government consumption: 20.7%
  investment in fixed capital: 14.7%
  investment in inventories: -1.9%
  exports of goods and services: 58.5%
  imports of goods and services: -42%
  (2014 est.)
  GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
  agriculture: 10.2%
  industry: 61.4%
  services: 28.4% (2011 est.)
  Agriculture - products:
  bananas, sugarcane, coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, cassava (manioc, tapioca), tobacco, vegetables, plantains; livestock; forest products; fish
  Industries:
  petroleum; diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, feldspar, bauxite, uranium, and gold; cement; basic metal products; fish processing; food processing, brewing, tobacco products, sugar; textiles; ship repair
  Industrial production growth rate:
  5.8% (2014 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 36
  Labor force:
  10.18 million (2014 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 52
  Labor force - by occupation:
  agriculture: 85%
  industry and services: 15% (2003 est.)
  Unemployment rate:
  NA%
  Population below poverty line:
  40.5% (2006 est.)
  Household income or consumption by percentage share:
  lowest 10%: 0.6%
  highest 10%: 44.7% (2000)
  Budget:
  revenues: $47.09 billion
  expenditures: $55.8 billion (2014 est.)
  Taxes and other revenues:
  36.4% of GDP (2014 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 59
  Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
  -6.7% of GDP (2014 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 191
  Public debt:
  34.9% of GDP (2014 est.)
  31.8% of GDP (2013 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 119
  Fiscal year:
  calendar year
  Inflation rate (consumer prices):
  7.3% (2014 est.)
  8.8% (2013 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 196
  Central bank discount rate:
  9% (31 December 2014)
  25% (31 December 2010)
  country comparison to the world: 32
  Commercial bank prime lending rate:
  16.38% (31 December 2014 est.)
  15.81% (31 December 2013 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 28
  Stock of narrow money:
  $30.11 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
  $26.52 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 64
  Stock of broad money:
  $51.71 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
  $45.06 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 67
  Stock of domestic credit:
  $23.12 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
  $23.33 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 81
  Current account balance:
  -$1.951 billion (2014 est.)
  $8.348 billion (2013 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 144
  Exports:
  $59.98 billion (2014 est.)
  $68.25 billion (2013 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 55
  Exports - commodities:
  crude oil, diamonds, refined petroleum products, coffee, sisal, fish and fish products, timber, cotton
  Exports - partners:
  China 48.1%, US 8.9%, India 8.8%, Spain 5.6% (2014)
  Imports:
  $29.24 billion (2014 est.)
  $26.34 billion (2013 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 67
  Imports - commodities:
  machinery and electrical equipment, vehicles and spare parts; medicines, food, textiles, military goods
  Imports - partners:
  China 23.7%, Portugal 16.3%, US 8.1%, South Korea 7.1%, Brazil 5%, South Africa 4.2%, France 4.1% (2014)
  Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
  $18.46 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
  $27.09 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 59
  Debt - external:
  $28.62 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
  $24 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 74
  Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
  $10.57 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
  $8.078 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 89
  Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
  $23.44 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
  $17.1 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 52
  Exchange rates:
  kwanza (AOA) per US dollar -
  98.3 (2014 est.)
  98.3 (2013 est.)
  95.47 (2012 est.)
  93.74 (2011 est.)
  91.91 (2010 est.)

- ## Energy :: ANGOLA

- Electricity - production:
  5.475 billion kWh (2012 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 117
  Electricity - consumption:
  4.842 billion kWh (2012 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 118
  Electricity - exports:
  0 kWh (2013 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 100
  Electricity - imports:
  0 kWh (2013 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 116
  Electricity - installed generating capacity:
  1.53 million kW (2012 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 118
  Electricity - from fossil fuels:
  50.3% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 150
  Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
  0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 42
  Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
  49.7% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 49
  Electricity - from other renewable sources:
  0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 153
  Crude oil - production:
  1.742 million bbl/day (2014 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 14
  Crude oil - exports:
  1.815 million bbl/day (2012 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 8
  Crude oil - imports:
  0 bbl/day (2012 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 156
  Crude oil - proved reserves:
  9.011 billion bbl (1 January 2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 18
  Refined petroleum products - production:
  40,010 bbl/day (2012 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 84
  Refined petroleum products - consumption:
  112,000 bbl/day (2013 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 75
  Refined petroleum products - exports:
  21,740 bbl/day (2012 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 71
  Refined petroleum products - imports:
  75,790 bbl/day (2012 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 59
  Natural gas - production:
  925 million cu m (2013 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 66
  Natural gas - consumption:
  495 million cu m (2013 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 98
  Natural gas - exports:
  0 cu m (2012 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 56
  Natural gas - imports:
  0 cu m (2013 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 156
  Natural gas - proved reserves:
  275 billion cu m (1 January 2014 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 41
  Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
  31.61 million Mt (2012 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 75

- ## Communications :: ANGOLA

- Telephones - fixed lines:
  total subscriptions: 280,000
  subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1 (2014 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 117
  Telephones - mobile cellular:
  total: 14.1 million
  subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 74 (2014 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 69
  Telephone system:
  general assessment: limited system; state-owned telecom had monopoly for fixed lines until 2005; demand outstripped capacity, prices were high, and services poor; Telecom Namibia, through an Angolan company, became the first private licensed operator in Angola's fixed-line telephone network; by 2010, the number of fixed-line providers had expanded to 5; Angola Telecom established mobile-cellular service in Luanda in 1993 and the network has been extended to larger towns; a privately owned, mobile-cellular service provider began operations in 2001
  domestic: about two fixed lines per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity about 50 telephones per 100 persons in 2011
  international: country code - 244; landing point for the SAT-3/WASC fiber-optic submarine cable that provides connectivity to Europe and Asia; satellite earth stations - 29 (2009)
  Broadcast media:
  state controls all broadcast media with nationwide reach; state-owned Televisao Popular de Angola (TPA) provides terrestrial TV service on 2 channels; a third TPA channel is available via cable and satellite; TV subscription services are available; state-owned Radio Nacional de Angola (RNA) broadcasts on 5 stations; about a half dozen private radio stations broadcast locally (2008)
  Radio broadcast stations:
  AM 21, FM 6, shortwave 7 (2001)
  Television broadcast stations:
  6 (2000)
  Internet country code:
  .ao
  Internet users:
  total: 3.7 million
  percent of population: 19.4% (2014 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 81

- ## Transportation :: ANGOLA

- Airports:
  176 (2013)
  country comparison to the world: 32
  Airports - with paved runways:
  total: 31
  over 3,047 m: 7
  2,438 to 3,047 m: 8
  1,524 to 2,437 m: 12
  914 to 1,523 m: 4 (2013)
  Airports - with unpaved runways:
  total: 145
  over 3,047 m: 2
  2,438 to 3,047 m: 3
  1,524 to 2,437 m: 31
  914 to 1,523 m: 66
  under 914 m:
  43 (2013)
  Heliports:
  1 (2013)
  Pipelines:
  gas 352 km; liquid petroleum gas 85 km; oil 1,065 km; oil/gas/water 5 km (2013)
  Railways:
  total: 2,852 km
  narrow gauge: 2,729 km 1.067-m gauge; 123 km 0.600-m gauge (2014)
  country comparison to the world: 61
  Roadways:
  total: 51,429 km
  paved: 5,349 km
  unpaved: 46,080 km (2001)
  country comparison to the world: 75
  Waterways:
  1,300 km (2011)
  country comparison to the world: 54
  Merchant marine:
  total: 7
  by type: cargo 1, chemical tanker 1, passenger/cargo 2, petroleum tanker 2, roll on/roll off 1
  foreign-owned: 1 (Spain 1)
  registered in other countries: 17 (Bahamas 6, Curacao 2, Cyprus 1, Liberia 1, Malta 7) (2010)
  country comparison to the world: 123
  Ports and terminals:
  major seaport(s): Cabinda, Lobito, Luanda, Namibe
  LNG terminal(s) (export): Angola Soyo

- ## Military :: ANGOLA

- Military branches:
  Angolan Armed Forces (Forcas Armadas Angolanas, FAA): Army, Navy (Marinha de Guerra Angola, MGA), Angolan National Air Force (Forca Aerea Nacional Angolana, FANA; under operational control of the Army) (2012)
  Military service age and obligation:
  20-45 years of age for compulsory male and 18-45 years for voluntary male military service (registration at age 18 is mandatory); 20-45 years of age for voluntary female service; 2-year conscript service obligation; Angolan citizenship required; the Navy (MGA) is entirely staffed with volunteers (2013)
  Manpower available for military service:
  males age 16-49: 3,062,438
  females age 16-49: 2,964,262 (2010 est.)
  Manpower fit for military service:
  males age 16-49: 1,546,781
  females age 16-49: 1,492,308 (2010 est.)
  Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
  male: 155,476
  female: 152,054 (2010 est.)
  Military expenditures:
  3.63% of GDP (2012)
  3.5% of GDP (2011)
  3.63% of GDP (2010)
  country comparison to the world: 13

- ## Transnational Issues :: ANGOLA

- Disputes - international:
  Democratic Republic of Congo accuses Angola of shifting monuments
  Refugees and internally displaced persons:
  refugees (country of origin): 12,944 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2014)
  Illicit drugs:
  used as a transshipment point for cocaine destined for Western Europe and other African states, particularly South Africa

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